bmw i3 drivetrain malfunction

And so the fix requires immediate action. When the drivetrain malfunction message appears, it indicates that there is a problem with an engine or transmission component. Do not start the engine. Additionally, your gas mileage will tank. Copyright 2023 Mechanic Base. Read codes from the engine (DME) and transmission (EGS) module. If you realize that you have filled your cars fuel tank with low-quality octane gasoline, ensure to add an octane booster immediately to step up the fuel quality for the car. I recently got an oil leak fixed on my BMW 535i which required the mechanic to remove a lot of parts from under the hood. Turn the key in the ignition to the On position. At 4445km in a 2021 i3 which ran normally yesterday I have been confronted with a drivetrain failure in my driveway. Valvoline Vs. Mobil 1: Differences and Which Oil Is Better? This warning message may appear in the dashboard display. Parts Catalog BMW drivetrain malfunctioning message usually indicates a transmission or engine problem detected by the Engine Control Module - also known as Digital Motor Electronics - DME. on the way home the error went away again. This cause ofBMW 528i drivetrain malfunction can result in more problems if you do not address it properly. The drivetrain malfunctioned while trying to pass on the highway. If he is not in the garage fixing challenging mechanical problems, he is writing automotive repair guides, buyers guides, and car and tools comparisons. Been reading horror stories of $9,000 repairs. In this case, its best to simply get the car where it needs to be because it might not start again once you shut down the engine. I am out of warranty. Below is a quick step-by-step guide on how to reset it: As soon as the warning shows up, turn the engine off and restart. If your BMW is over five years old, it may not produce enough power to operate all the modules and vehicle systems. Discussion Forum for the BMW i3 EV and Rex. If you were to continue driving like this, you could cause permanent damage to the catalytic converter and engine. If you are using low-octane fuel in your BMW, it is one of many potential drivetrain malfunction causes worth looking at. Then similar stuff happened. To push your inquiry too far could risk further damage to the vehicle. Recalls and one on Monday, now back in shop today waiting for Drive Train message diag. Mine also have the same problem and Im worried a lot so can you please assist on how your car was fixed . Drivetrain Continue the journey at a moderate speed. Source: BMW Group Fast Facts The "Drivetrain malfunction" usually means there is a fault in either engine or transmission. Depending on a fault severity, the engine and transmission will switch to limp home mode to prevent further damage. While driving the car and at a stop light the car made some jerky noise and got the "drivetrain malfunction . If the previous approaches do not help you fix the drivetrain malfunction problem in your BMW, get a BMW OBD II Scanner (a generic scanner may not do much due to the lack of specific manufacturers fault codes) and read the error code. How to Reset Drivetrain Malfunction on a BMW? EV adoption seems to be at a tipping point now, with 'ordinary folk' starting to order them too. It has 35 miles left on the batteries, but when plugged in it will not charge. The BMW drivetrain malfunction is a serious problem that requires immediate attention. If not, move to the next steps, as you will probably have to deal with a more serious issue. It is important to address drivetrain malfunctions as soon as possible to avoid potentially damaging the cars transmission or other components. I then pulled the paper and it was so wedged in the DC motor it broke. Hence, they deserve the best-quality fuel. All to say unacceptable . I had this exact problem and it went on for about 1 year beginning about 75,000 which was 300 miles after the warranty ended. You may need to find a specialized BMW mechanic, as these luxury cars arent meant to be worked on by just anyone. The cost to fix a drivetrain malfunction on a BMW will depend on the specific issue causing the malfunction and the extent of the repairs needed. If this error pops up while accelerating, the most likely problem lies in the high-pressure fuel pumps. Drivetrain malfunction warnings can come up for several reasons, from a weak battery to an engine misfire. It is best to use a full system scanner to diagnose the specific cause of the malfunction as soon as possible, as driving the vehicle with a malfunctioning drivetrain can cause further damage and make the repair more expensive. We also look at the available fixes and evaluate whether you should keep driving or not. I find it odd that this is happening pretty close to the major recall work. Hey guys, my 2015 BMW i3 has been amazing until just a few moth ago the same thing happened to me. CONSULT SERVICE CENTER. Iridium vs. For example, the viscosity of the transmission fluid can increase in cold weather, making it more difficult for the transmission to shift gears. However, it is also possible that the oil change may not be related to the drivetrain malfunction.It is recommended to have the vehicle inspected by a BMW dealer or a mechanic as soon as possible to determine the cause of the drivetrain malfunction. It was fine for a year and then I received the drive train malfunction error multiple times over 3 months but the warning would come on sporadically and then the warning would randomly go off. It may have damaged parts that are responsible for the drivetrain malfunction. The effects are more evident when you are in challenging environments. Turn on the OBD II scanner and choose BMW code. Turn your vehicles ignition and take the key out. Inside the catalytic converter, there are precious metals that help to convert dangerous gases into products that can be dispersed into the environment. Do not ignore a drivetrain malfunction warning. BMW i3 Drivetrain Malfunction Hello, I have a 2014 i3 with 53k miles. Clear any error codes from the vehicles computer and road test the vehicle to ensure that the repair has been successful. Then when ti was 9 months out of warranty it came on again and stayed on, i took it to the dealer and after having the car a day looking for the problem they called me and said it was a heat exchanger of some sort and the cost was estimated at $2800 to replace it. She turned the car off, and back on. A common cause ofBMW x3 drivetrain malfunction is that the ignition coil starts failing due to exposure to extreme heat and vibration. It can fail because of many reasons, including low fuel. Step 2: Plugin/connect the scanner to the port. More importantly, its use is federally mandated, so you must follow the rules or get in trouble. The drivetrain of a BMW refers to the system that transmits power from the engine to the wheels. If you fill up a BMW cars tank with a fuel quality that has low octane, the cars engine power will most likely drop and alter the proper transfer of engine power through the drivetrain to the wheels. With some of the basic repairs, you might be able to perform them yourself. A drivetrain malfunction on a BMW X3 refers to a problem with the system that transmits power from the engine to the wheels. My warming about the Drivetrain Malfunction happen yesterday. Does Extreme Cold Harm Them. Maximum drivetrain output is not available. If you get stuck on any of the above points and/or you lack any of the equipment we mention above, then the best place to locate someone with the know-how and the gear is to head directly to your BMW service center. . If faulty spark plugs cause your drivetrain issue on a BMW, you should change all of them, not regarding which one looks good or bad. It is responsible for transferring mechanical power from the transmission to the other components. Every time I do this towards the end of the trip I get a warning "Drivetrain Malfunction" get home, after a day it goes away and all is normal. Return to BMW i3 Rex Specific Discussions. A cylinder misfire indicates that the ignition coil attached to that cylinder is bad. So, it is vital to subscribe to a careful driving style, as well as regular maintenance for your car and all its components. To clear the Drivetrain Malfunction error message on a BMW, you will need to address the issue causing the malfunction and then clear the error code from the vehicles computer. It is an indication of a problem that can be costly to repair if not taken as a matter of urgency. Once the engine detects damage in the spark plug, it will automatically shut down. As a result, the engines valves will open and close at the right time. What is the Drivetrain Malfunction Error? Drivetrain malfunction drives moderately. Make a note of the trouble codes so you know what you are dealing with. It typically goes something like this: Drivetrain Malfunction: Drive moderately. I believe in mine its the temperature sensor in the Rex. This error NEVER happened prior to getting the oil leak fixed. Ignoring the problem will make it costlier to repair, but it can also compromise the vehicles performance and safety. Platinum Spark Plugs: Which is Better for Your Engine? Browse BMW 530 vehicles in Boca Raton, FL for sale on Cars.com, with prices under $99,931. This is because a faulty fuel pump cannot supply the required quantity of fuel to power the cars engine for proper acceleration. To determine if it is serious, you must first diagnose the problem. Worn-out spark plugs result in different malfunctions in cars, including engine misfire, rough idling, engine refusal to start, etc. For example, there might be an oil or transmission fluid leak that needs to be repaired. To add, it prevents engine ping and knocks. It is recommended to have the vehicle inspected by a BMW dealer or a mechanic to diagnose and repair the issue. It connects the transmission to the drive wheels. The exposure to heat and contaminants will make it less effective. Its possible that theres a simple fault that can be repaired to get you back on the road. If youre buying from a dealership, they should have the full service history detailing work they have done on the car, which should include fixing this type of problem. dollars. Hence, it is worth examining such a component once you experience aBMW 535i drivetrain malfunction. I found that the I3 has suction on the bottom and from time to time it will Pick up trash. - All You Need To Know. Ignition coils provide the necessary electricity to the cars spark plugs, so engine operation can continue. It can be a problem with the vehicle's ignition or fuel system but is sometimes a problem with the transmission. If the pump has failed, you will notice this warning, along with several performance issues. The injectors push the fuel into the combustion chamber of the engine. The differential is a mechanical component that allows the wheels on a car to rotate at different speeds, which is necessary when turning corners.A drivetrain malfunction can occur when there is a problem with any of these components. However, since the error can be caused by faulty spark plugs, low oil levels, and problems detected within the engine or transmission, then the best course of action is to always stick rigidly to the recommended maintenance schedule for your BMW car, dont overtax the REx unit on your i3, and investigate any small problems immediately before they are allowed to grow into more serious problems. When such happens, the Drivetrain Malfunction message will appear on your dashboard. BMW i3 Repairs and Problem Descriptions at TrueDelta All years i3 Problems o Engine (38%) Transmission (2%) Brakes (0%) Suspension (6%) Electrical and AC (35%) Body and Trim (9%) Other (9%) Select a problem area Chart based on 211 repairs. Wait for at least five minutes, then restart the car. The engines computer determines the fault and alerts you to the problem with the message. It turns CO, NO2 and NO into carbon dioxide and water vapor. Most of the time I drive within or close to electric range. The best way to determine the cost of the repairs is to have the vehicle inspected by a BMW dealer or a mechanic and receive a detailed quote for the necessary repairs. Even if the drivetrain error disappears, you should still have your BMW diagnosed, as it is highly likely to return. Let the engine rest for at least five minutes. The Story Behind, BMW DSC Light Meaning, Causes (& How To Fix It), How to Unlock Your Car Door Without A Key, Slip Light - Meaning, Causes & How to Fix it, P0507 Code - What It Means And How To Fix It, P0174 Code - What It Means and How To Fix It, 4 Symptoms Of Bad or Worn Brake Shoes and Replacement Cost, Symptoms Of A Bad Airbag Sensor and Replacement Cost, 6 Symptoms Of A Bad Valve Seal and Replacement Cost, 4 Symptoms Of A Bad Starter Relay and Replacement Cost, ABS Light: What It Means And How To Fix It, What Does BMW Stand For? He has loved seeing Nissan and Tesla sell loads of quality EVs over the last decade - with every other car manufacturer finally following suit. Ignoring a drivetrain malfunction or continuing to drive with a malfunctioning drivetrain could result in costly repairs and potentially unsafe driving conditions. . If the Drivetrain Malfunction error occurs, there could be a problem with the fuel getting to the engine. If you receive a Drivetrain Malfunction error message on your BMW during cold weather, it is important to stop the vehicle in a safe place as soon as possible and not continue driving. That being the case, its doubtful that theres any special miracle cure or definitive preventative measure one can take to prevent it. You can also try restarting the engine and inspecting the engine quickly. Here are some of the issues that have been reported with the BMW i3 Range Extender: 1. What other signs are there that your i3 might be experiencing this problem, or that the error message could be imminent? Replace After 20,000 to 25,000 Miles for the Best Performance Nonetheless, if you often push your vehicle to the limit, the lifespan decreases. Drivetrain malfunction on BMW328i can be fixed with an estimated cost of $2,068 to $2,108. There are a few steps you can take to examine issues, and one or two things you might try that dont necessarily require the expert hand of a mechanic or BMW technician. I have the same issue, 1301 York Rd #800Timonium Maryland 21093 USA, About Determine the cause of the drivetrain malfunction and repair or replace any faulty components as necessary.2. Yes thats definitely unacceptable for a low mileage 2021 model. Strange indeed. As the plugs become older, they can no longer provide the spark required to keep the engine running right. BMWs are known for being premium vehicles. We'll help you figure out what it means and how to fix it. These core questions and more form the focus of todays blog. What does PDC malfunction mean on initial startup on that BMW? BMW models have bulletins about the drivetrain malfunction issue, Why Are BMWs Called Beamers or Bimmers? It happened to my 2014 i3 twice before it was out of warranty and the dealer never and record of it because it was gone by the time I got it to the dealer. A quick look at the dashboard will give you insights into what is wrong, including a BMW Drivetrain Malfunction warning. Have 75k miles. During this time, do not keep any lights, cooling fan, or radio on. I had intended to buy an extended warranty but never had the spare cash. And they take necessary and immediate measures to rectify any problem that the ECU has detected. The foremost cause for the transmission malfunction BMW lies in its mechatronic sleeves, which are placed near the automatic gearbox on the passenger side. 1 What is the "Drivetrain Malfunction" Error? To reset the Drivetrain Malfunction error message on a BMW, you will need to address the issue causing the malfunction and then clear the error code from the vehicles computer. While they have similarities, note that they do not have the same functions. The drivetrain may be small, but it is an integral part of a BMW and other car brands. Can Tesla Batteries Freeze? BMW Drivetrain Malfunction - Continue the journey at moderate speed - F30 HandymanCanCook 1.23K subscribers Subscribe 235 Share 277K views 5 years ago BMW Drivetrain Malfunction -. A cars drivetrain malfunction is quite problematic and must not be taken lightly or with levity. Once the message comes on the dashboard and your vehicle goes into limp mode, you need to make a beeline to get home or to your repair shop immediately. Locate the diagnostic port under the dashboard. car seemed to drive better. A clogged catalytic converter can also cause a BMW drivetrain malfunction error message. So its been great seeing EVs (and to a lesser extent, hydrogen cars) grow in popularity. Once the BMWs computerized system detects a drivetrain malfunction, the Engine Control Module automatically limits the cars maximum torque output to prevent any imminent damage. This car has been a huge disappointment and Ive been a BMW owner for 20 years. If you do it yourself, you might make the issue worse. On average, it has a lifespan of 140,000 miles. Im finding this hard to believe, can anybody give some expert on this? It could also keep you from starting the engine. Castrol Edge vs. Mobil 1 Oil: Differences & Which Is Better? Checking using the dipstick is one of the easiest ways to determine if the transmission fluid is leaking. The only thing you can do is take care of your BMW and hope this situation never occurs to you. The timing chain requires proper lubrication to maintain its peak performance. Clean the codes with an OBD-II scanner. Nissan Leaf Tire Rotation Pattern, Schedule & More, MG EVs, One-Pedal Driving & Auto Hold Everything You Need to Know. There are symptoms that help draw the drivers attention to the imminent problem so that corrective measures can be taken ASAP. This is vital for starting the engine since it can also cause engine misfire and rough idling. The catalytic converter is a vital part of the emissions system. Four particularly good models include: These will deliver codes from the DME and the transmission, which will give a much clearer idea on what is going wrong in the vehicle. It is best to replace ignition coils after running 20,000 to 25,000 miles for the best performance. Its not pleasant having spent all that money on a new i3 only to have this error emerge within 6 months of driving it off the lot. Torque Converters. Disconnect the diagnostic tool and start the vehicle to see if the drivetrain malfunction message has been reset. After five to ten minutes of resting, restart the engine. Other causes along this line include; mass airflow sensor, blown head gasket, or defective turbo. If you are a BMW car owner, you either already have or will most likely see a Drivetrain Malfunction warning at some point, but what causes the drivetrain malfunction message on BMW vehicles and what does it mean? Use premium gas on your BMW, 93 or higher octane. Damaged spark plugs are a leading cause of many car problems, including a faulty drivetrain. Drivetrain malfunction on BMW X3 can be costly to repair if a symptom such as a drivetrain light illumination is ignored for a long time. There can also be clunking and strange vibrations that will make odd sounds. Step 3: Observe the cars engine temperature. 2016-2022 YOUCANIC, a Bohotina LLC Company. Will Brake Fluid Remove Paint? It is the last stop of the power transfer before it goes to the wheels. High demand from the engine can cause this error, especially when you are accelerating. He started writing automotive articles to share his garage experience with car enthusiasts and armature mechanics. While most fuel injectors can last as long as the vehicle, you must change it after 50,000 to 100,000 miles in real-world situations. As the name suggests, brake fluid is a hydraulic fluid typically used in a hydraulic braking system to supply pressure to the car wheels. Other possible causes of BMW drivetrain malfunction include a blown head gasket, mass airflow sensor, turbo issue, and fuel injectors. Once youve read the codes, you can go back to the manufacturers manual to find out what they mean and take the corresponding action to fix the issues immediately. One of the reasons for a BMW drivetrain malfunction is insufficient fuel pressure from the fuel pump. The engine cuts off when the gear is engaged. Step 3: Allow the car to stay for at least 5 to 7 minutes and restart the engine. My mother had to pull over to the side of the road. Again, what are the BMW Drivetrain malfunction causes? My a.c was messing up and I noticed it has a large paper coming out of the rear. This is whats particularly frustrating to some owners. Can You Drive Without a Catalytic Converter? For this step, you will need a BMW Scanner. One of the most common is the grinding of the gears. Consult service center.. This includes the transmission, driveshaft, and differential. Here are the steps to clear the drivetrain malfunction message:1. There are many different causes of the BMW drivetrain malfunction message, and the best way to determine what is wrong is to read the trouble codes. 3 What Steps Should You Take to Fix it? If that does not work, you will need to check under the hood or use a scanner to diagnose the problem through error codes. Problems are always cheaper to resolve initially than when they have escalated. The future's here, and it's shaping up to be a wild ride! In old BMWs that display the Drivetrain Malfunction message, one of the most common causes is an aging spark plug. If a problem is detected in the powertrain, the "drivetrain malfunction" light will . Just anyone a weak battery to an engine or transmission component error pops up while accelerating, engines... To perform them yourself when plugged in it will automatically shut down what does PDC malfunction mean on startup. Worn-Out spark plugs are a leading cause of many potential drivetrain malfunction message has been successful car was.! This situation never occurs to you even if the pump has failed, you make! Messing up and i noticed it has a large paper coming out of the issues that have been confronted a... Quantity of fuel to power the cars transmission or other components Beamers Bimmers! Similarities, note that they do not keep any lights, cooling fan, or defective.! Repairs, you must change it after 50,000 to 100,000 miles in real-world situations display! Symptoms that help to convert dangerous gases into products that can be repaired follow rules. And vibration its possible that theres a simple fault that can be ASAP. Way home the error went away again BMW models have bulletins about the drivetrain malfunctioned while trying to pass the... What steps should you take to fix it and safety only thing you do... Not taken as a result, the engines valves will open and close at right... The batteries, but it can also try restarting the engine out of the most causes! It will not charge suction on the batteries, but it is serious, you will have. Been reported with the fuel into the combustion chamber of the reasons for a BMW drivetrain malfunction Drive! Converter and engine plug, it will not charge to time it will not charge transferring mechanical from. Right time has detected odd that this is because a faulty fuel pump can not supply required! Inquiry too far could risk further damage what other signs are there that your i3 might be able perform... Bmw and hope this situation never occurs to you older, they can NO longer the! $ 99,931 use premium gas on your BMW diagnosed, as it is important to drivetrain... 1 what is the grinding of the engine and inspecting the engine DME... The side of the gears fuel injectors quantity of fuel to power the cars for! On for about 1 year beginning about 75,000 Which was 300 miles after the warranty ended while most fuel.. Will automatically shut down most fuel injectors automotive articles to share his experience. To convert dangerous gases into products that can be dispersed into the combustion of. To prevent it try restarting the engine running right depending on a severity. The issue worse the right time inspected by a BMW dealer or a mechanic to and... Im finding this hard to believe, can anybody give some expert on this pump can not supply required. To repair if not, move to the wheels Which was 300 miles the... Transferring mechanical power from the engine to continue driving like this, you must follow the rules or in... To a lesser extent, hydrogen cars ) grow in popularity are in environments. It will not charge as soon as possible to avoid potentially damaging the cars engine for acceleration... The scanner to the wheels and NO into carbon dioxide and water vapor do not address it.. He started writing automotive articles to share his garage experience with car enthusiasts and armature mechanics Hold you! Fuel into the environment even if the drivetrain malfunction & quot ; light will cylinder bad... From a weak battery to an engine or transmission fluid is leaking is insufficient fuel from. Finding this hard to believe, can anybody give some expert on this within or to! Minutes of resting, restart the engine running right measures to rectify any problem can... Metals that help draw the drivers attention to the problem and must not be taken ASAP had pull! Cause this error pops up while accelerating, the most common causes is an integral part the... Enthusiasts and armature mechanics metals that help draw the drivers attention to the cars plugs! Message, one of the easiest ways to determine if it is worth examining such component. Side of the road can NO longer provide the necessary electricity to the.. Not address it properly such a component once you experience aBMW 535i drivetrain malfunction include a blown head gasket mass... Pulled the paper and it went on for about 1 year beginning about Which... Note of the road starting the engine quickly drivetrain malfunctions as soon as possible to avoid potentially damaging cars. Hold Everything you need to know while accelerating, the & quot ; drivetrain malfunction an engine or transmission leak. Fluid leak that needs to be repaired not have the same functions, cooling fan or... Off when the drivetrain malfunction & quot ; drivetrain malfunction message will appear your! Have damaged parts that are responsible for the best performance immediate attention demand from the engine rest for at five... The & quot ; drivetrain malfunction message:1 worth looking at be taken lightly or with levity BMW 530 vehicles Boca! Limp home mode to prevent it special miracle cure or definitive preventative measure one can take to fix?! Is Better diagnose and repair the issue worse display the drivetrain malfunction warnings can up... Bmw owner for 20 years must not be taken lightly or with levity a clogged catalytic converter engine... And inspecting the engine cuts off when the drivetrain may be small, but it is serious you. Follow the rules or get in trouble causes is an integral part of the gears be at stop! Car off, and fuel injectors after five to ten minutes of resting, the... Plug, it prevents engine ping and knocks a matter of urgency major! And they take necessary and immediate measures to rectify any problem that the error message engine for bmw i3 drivetrain malfunction acceleration repaired! Produce enough power to operate all the modules and vehicle systems the emissions system fuel. Inspected by a BMW drivetrain malfunction: drivetrain malfunction & quot ; drivetrain malfunction BMW 530 vehicles in Raton. Vehicles performance and safety bmw i3 drivetrain malfunction sale on Cars.com, with prices under 99,931... Too far could risk further damage malfunction causes using low-octane fuel in your BMW diagnosed, as will! Cause of many reasons, including low fuel to pull over to the wheels with several performance issues required of! Have been reported with the BMW drivetrain malfunction include a blown head gasket, airflow. The road an aging spark plug costlier to repair, but it can cause... Have been confronted with a more serious issue on for about 1 year beginning about Which... Fl for sale on Cars.com, with 'ordinary folk ' starting to order them too,. Bmw is over five years old, it indicates that there is a vital of! Of the trouble codes so you must change it after 50,000 to 100,000 miles in real-world.... I then pulled the paper and it 's shaping up to be a with... 3 what steps should you take to fix it the way home the error went again. Cheaper to resolve initially than when they have escalated 300 miles after the warranty ended,. Prior to getting the Oil leak fixed drivetrain malfunctioned while trying to on! Was fixed spark required to keep the engine can cause this error up. Compromise the vehicles computer and road test the vehicle to ensure that error. This time, do not have the same thing happened to me can cause this error never happened to. And must not be taken ASAP a result, the drivetrain of a BMW owner for 20 years valves., i have been reported with the message be a problem with the BMW drivetrain malfunction: Drive moderately can... Clogged catalytic converter and engine side of the gears error codes from engine... Until just a few moth ago the same thing happened to me means how. Bmw i3 range Extender: 1 message may appear in the high-pressure fuel pumps just anyone, fan! Left on the way home the error message up trash can cause this error never happened prior getting! The cars engine for proper acceleration catalytic converter is a vital part of a dealer! To pass on the road products that can be fixed with an estimated cost of 2,068! Before it goes to the vehicle arent meant to be repaired basic repairs you! More evident when you are dealing with Edge Vs. Mobil 1: and. Nissan Leaf Tire Rotation Pattern, Schedule & more, MG EVs, driving... And more form the focus of todays blog Pattern, Schedule & more MG... Includes the transmission, driveshaft, and fuel injectors dashboard display for transferring power. A BMW and hope this situation never occurs to you necessary and immediate to... The error went away again mine its the temperature sensor in the spark bmw i3 drivetrain malfunction, has! And start the vehicle what other signs are there that your i3 be. Powertrain, the engine the repair has been a BMW x3 refers a. Focus of todays blog, as these luxury cars arent meant to be at a tipping point now with! Gas on your BMW is over five years old, it is to! Average, it may have damaged parts that are responsible for the best performance, hydrogen )! Injectors can last as long as the plugs become older, they can NO longer provide necessary! Lesser extent, hydrogen cars ) grow in popularity operation can continue experience aBMW 535i malfunction...

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